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CBIC Certified Infection Control Exam 認定 CIC 試験問題 (Q140-Q145):

質問 # 140
A family, including an infant of 8 months, is going on a vacation to Europe. An infection preventionist would recommend:

A. Exposure to rabies should be avoided.
B. Family immunization records should be reviewed by their provider.
C. The infant should not travel until at least 12 months of age.
D. Family members should be vaccinated for yellow fever.

正解：B

解説：
When advising a family, including an 8-month-old infant, planning a vacation to Europe, an infection preventionist (IP) must consider travel-related health risks and vaccination recommendations tailored to the destination and age-specific guidelines. The Certification Board of Infection Control and Epidemiology (CBIC) emphasizes the "Education and Training" domain, which includes providing evidence-based advice to prevent infections, aligning with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) travel health recommendations.
Option D, "Family immunization records should be reviewed by their provider," is the most appropriate recommendation. Europe, as a region, includes countries with varying health risks, but it is generally considered a low-risk area for many vaccine-preventable diseases compared to tropical regions. The CDC's
"Travelers' Health" guidelines (2023) recommend that all travelers, including infants, have their immunization status reviewed by a healthcare provider prior to travel to ensure compliance with routine vaccinations (e.g., measles, mumps, rubella [MMR], diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis [DTaP], and polio) and to assess any destination-specific needs. For an 8-month-old, the review would confirm that the infant has received age-appropriate vaccines (e.g., the first doses of DTaP, Hib, PCV, and IPV, typically starting at 2 months) and is on schedule for the 6- and 12-month doses. This step ensures the family's overall protection and identifies any gaps, making it a proactive and universally applicable recommendation.
Option A, "Exposure to rabies should be avoided," is a general travel safety tip applicable to any destination where rabies is endemic (e.g., parts of Eastern Europe or rural areas with wildlife). However, rabies risk in most European countries is low, and pre-exposure vaccination is not routinely recommended for travelers unless specific high-risk activities (e.g., handling bats) are planned. The CDC advises avoiding animal bites rather than vaccinating unless indicated, making this less specific and urgent than a records review. Option B,
"Family members should be vaccinated for yellow fever," is incorrect. Yellow fever is not endemic in Europe, and vaccination is not required or recommended for travel to any European country. The WHO International Health Regulations (2005) and CDC list yellow fever vaccination as mandatory only for travelers from or to certain African and South American regions, rendering this irrelevant. Option C, "The infant should not travel until at least 12 months of age," lacks a clear evidence base. While some vaccines (e.g., MMR) are typically given at 12 months, the 8-month-old can travel safely if up-to-date on age-appropriate immunizations. The CDC allows travel for infants as young as 6 weeks with medical clearance, and delaying travel to 12 months is not a standard recommendation unless specific risks (e.g., disease outbreaks) are present, which are not indicated here.
The CBIC Practice Analysis (2022) and CDC Travelers' Health resources prioritize pre-travel health assessments, including immunization reviews, as the foundation for safe travel. Option D ensures a comprehensive approach tailored to the family's needs, making it the best recommendation for a trip to Europe.
References:
* CBIC Practice Analysis, 2022.
* CDC Travelers' Health, 2023.
* WHO International Health Regulations, 2005.
The correct answer is B, "Blood pressure cuff," as this item is appropriately cleaned with a disinfectant that is an approved hospital disinfectant with no tuberculocidal claim. According to the Certification Board of Infection Control and Epidemiology (CBIC) guidelines, the selection of disinfectants for medical equipment depends on the item's classification and intended use. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) categorizes hospital disinfectants based on their efficacy against specific pathogens, with tuberculocidal claims indicating effectiveness against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a highly resistant organism. A disinfectant without a tuberculocidal claim is suitable for non-critical items-those that contact intact skin but not mucous membranes or sterile tissues-such as blood pressure cuffs, which require only low-level disinfection to reduce bacterial and viral loads (CBIC Practice Analysis, 2022, Domain III: Infection Prevention and Control, Competency 3.4 - Implement environmental cleaning and disinfection protocols).
This aligns with CDC guidelines, which designate low-level disinfectants as adequate for non-critical surfaces.
Option A (laryngoscope blades) is incorrect because laryngoscope blades are semi-critical items that contact mucous membranes (e.g., the oropharynx) and require high-level disinfection or sterilization, which necessitates a disinfectant with tuberculocidal activity to ensure efficacy against a broader spectrum of pathogens, including mycobacteria. Option C (respiratory therapy equipment) is also incorrect, as this equipment (e.g., ventilators or nebulizers) is semi-critical or critical depending on its use, requiring at least intermediate- to high-level disinfection, which exceeds the capability of a non-tuberculocidal disinfectant.
Option D (ultrasound probe) is inappropriate if used on intact skin (non-critical, allowing low-level disinfection), but many ultrasound probes contact mucous membranes or sterile sites, necessitating high-level disinfection with a tuberculocidal agent, making this option unreliable without context.
The selection of a blood pressure cuff aligns with CBIC's emphasis on using appropriate disinfectants based on the Spaulding classification to prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) (CBIC Practice Analysis,
2022, Domain III: Infection Prevention and Control, Competency 3.5 - Evaluate the environment for infection risks). This is supported by EPA and CDC guidelines, which guide disinfectant use based on item risk levels (EPA Disinfectant Product List, 2023; CDC Disinfection Guidelines, 2019).
References: CBIC Practice Analysis, 2022, Domain III: Infection Prevention and Control, Competencies 3.4 - Implement environmental cleaning and disinfection protocols, 3.5 - Evaluate the environment for infection risks. EPA Disinfectant Product List, 2023. CDC Guidelines for Disinfection and Sterilization in Healthcare Facilities, 2019.

質問 # 141
An HBsAb-negative employee has a percutaneous exposure to blood from a Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive patient. Which of the following regimens is recommended for this employee?

A. Hepatitis B vaccine alone
B. Immune serum globulin and hepatitis B vaccine
C. Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) alone
D. Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and hepatitis B vaccine

正解：D

解説：
The correct answer is D, "Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and hepatitis B vaccine," as this is the recommended regimen for an HBsAb-negative employee with a percutaneous exposure to blood from an HBsAg-positive patient. According to the Certification Board of Infection Control and Epidemiology (CBIC) guidelines, which align with recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for hepatitis B virus (HBV) exposure depends on the employee's vaccination status and the source's HBsAg status. For an unvaccinated or known HBsAb-negative individual (indicating no immunity) exposed to HBsAg-positive blood, the standard PEP includes both HBIG and the hepatitis B vaccine. HBIG provides immediate passive immunity by delivering pre-formed antibodies, while the vaccine initiates active immunity to prevent future infections (CBIC Practice Analysis, 2022, Domain III: Infection Prevention and Control, Competency 3.2 - Implement measures to prevent transmission of infectious agents). The HBIG should be administered within 24 hours of exposure (preferably within 7 days), and the first dose of the vaccine should be given concurrently, followed by the complete vaccine series.
Option A (immune serum globulin and hepatitis B vaccine) is incorrect because immune serum globulin (ISG) is a general immunoglobulin preparation and not specific for HBV; HBIG, which contains high titers of anti-HBs, is the appropriate specific immunoglobulin for HBV exposure. Option B (hepatitis B immune globulin [HBIG] alone) is insufficient, as it provides only temporary passive immunity without initiating long- term active immunity through vaccination, which is critical for an unvaccinated individual. Option C (hepatitis B vaccine alone) is inadequate for immediate post-exposure protection, as it takes weeks to develop immunity, leaving the employee vulnerable in the interim.
The recommendation for HBIG and hepatitis B vaccine aligns with CBIC's emphasis on evidence-based post- exposure management to prevent HBV transmission in healthcare settings (CBIC Practice Analysis, 2022, Domain III: Infection Prevention and Control, Competency 3.1 - Collaborate with organizational leaders).
This dual approach is supported by CDC guidelines, which prioritize rapid intervention to reduce the risk of seroconversion following percutaneous exposure (CDC Updated U.S. Public Health Service Guidelines for the Management of Occupational Exposures to HBV, HCV, and HIV, 2013).
References: CBIC Practice Analysis, 2022, Domain III: Infection Prevention and Control, Competencies 3.1 - Collaborate with organizational leaders, 3.2 - Implement measures to prevent transmission of infectious agents. CDC Updated U.S. Public Health Service Guidelines for the Management of Occupational Exposures to HBV, HCV, and HIV, 2013.

質問 # 142
An infection preventionist reviewing patient records in an outpatient hemodialysis center notes an increase in localized infections at catheter access sites. Which of the following strategies reduces the risk of infection in this population?

A. Use of a non-cuffed percutaneous catheter
B. Creation of an arteriovenous fistula
C. Replacement of dialysis catheters monthly
D. Placement of a femoral catheter

正解：B

解説：
The best strategy to reduce the risk of infection in hemodialysis patients is to use an arteriovenous (AV) fistula as the preferred vascular access method. AV fistulas have the lowest infection rates compared to catheters and grafts because they do not involve foreign material and are less prone to biofilm formation and bloodstream infections.
Why the Other Options Are Incorrect?
* B. Use of a non-cuffed percutaneous catheter - Non-cuffed catheters have a higher risk of bloodstream infections and should be used only for short-term access.
* C. Placement of a femoral catheter - Femoral catheters have higher infection risks and should only be used for bed-bound patients and for the shortest duration possible.
* D. Replacement of dialysis catheters monthly - Routine catheter replacement does not reduce infection risk and should be done only when medically necessary.
CBIC Infection Control Reference
According to APIC guidelines, AV fistulas are the preferred vascular access due to their lower infection rates and improved long-term outcomes.

質問 # 143
Catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) improvement team is working to decrease CAUTIs in the hospital. Which of the following would be a process measure that would help to reduce CAUTI?

A. CAUTI rate per 1000 catheter days
B. Rate of bloodstream infections secondary to CAUTI
C. Staff compliance to proper insertion technique
D. Standardized Infection Ratio per unit

正解：C

解説：
Aprocess measureassesses how well healthcare personnel follow specific procedures known to prevent infection. In the case of CAUTI (Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection), monitoringstaff compliance with proper insertion techniqueis a direct process measure.
* According to theAPIC/JCR Workbook, effective CAUTI prevention involves evaluating compliance with proper catheter insertion and maintenance practices. Monitoring this behavior is a process measure that directly affects outcomes like infection rate reduction.
* TheCBIC Study Guidealso emphasizes usingcompliance with evidence-based insertion techniques as a strategy to measure and improve CAUTI prevention efforts.
* APIC Textnotes that "a process measure focuses on a process or the steps in a process that leads to a specific outcome." This includes monitoring healthcare staff performance related to proper catheter insertion and care.
* Incorrect answer rationale:
* A. CAUTI rate per 1000 catheter days- This is anoutcome measure, not a process measure.
* B. Standardized Infection Ratio per unit- Also anoutcome/benchmarking metric.
* C. Rate of bloodstream infections secondary to CAUTI- This is anoutcome, not a process.
References:
APIC/JCR Infection Prevention and Control Workbook, 4th Edition, Chapter 12 - CAUTI Assessment APIC Text, 4th Edition, Chapter 17 - Performance Measures CBIC Study Guide, 6th Edition, Core Competency: Surveillance and Epidemiologic Investigation

質問 # 144
An immunocompetent patient is diagnosed with active tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following sites of the disease is MOST likely to result in transmission to healthcare personnel?

A. Miliary TB
B. Renal TB
C. Tuberculous meningitis
D. Laryngeal TB

正解：D

解説：
Laryngeal tuberculosis (TB) is highly contagious because it involves the upper respiratory tract, leading to direct aerosolized transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through talking, coughing, or sneezing.
Why the Other Options Are Incorrect?
* A. Renal TB - Genitourinary TB is not typically transmissible via airborne droplets.
* B. Miliary TB - While systemic, it does not involve direct respiratory transmission.
* D. Tuberculous meningitis - TB in the central nervous system is not spread through respiratory secretions.
CBIC Infection Control Reference
APIC confirms that laryngeal TB is one of the most infectious forms and requires Airborne Precautions

質問 # 145
......

CBICのCIC試験を準備するのは残念ですが、合格してからあなたはITに関する仕事から美しい未来を持っています。だから、我々のすべきのことはあなたの努力を無駄にしないということです。弊社のJPNTestの提供するCBICのCIC試験ソフトのメリットがみんなに認められています。我々のデモから感じられます。我々は力の限りにあなたにCBICのCIC試験に合格します。

CIC最速合格: https://www.jpntest.com/shiken/CIC-mondaishu

CBIC CIC試験対応私たちに知られているように、私たちの現代世界では、誰もがより速く、より良く、よりスマートに物事を行うことを求めているので、生産性ハックが信じられないほど人気があるのも不思議ではありません、彼らはより良く勉強し、CBIC CIC試験に少ない時間をかけます、私たちJPNTest CIC最速合格は現在、競争の激しい世界に住んでいます、CBIC CIC試験対応どの試験を受験したことがありますか、CBIC CIC試験対応社会の進歩とともに、ITに関する仕事に従事したい人はますます多くなっています、CBIC CIC試験対応この問題集には実際の試験に出る可能性のあるすべての問題が含まれています。

ね、そんな風に真面目に考えると、重くなっちゃうよ、カCIC絶対合格エラ部長が目を丸くしてるってことは、こんな兎場さん珍しいんだろうけど、私たちに知られているように、私たちの現代世界では、誰もがより速く、より良く、よりスマーCICトに物事を行うことを求めているので、生産性ハックが信じられないほど人気があるのも不思議ではありません。

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